"The chief distinction in the intellectual powers of the two sexes is shewn by man's attaining to a higher eminence, in whatever he takes up, than can woman—whether
requiring deep thought, reason, or imagination, or merely the use of
the senses and hands. If two lists were made of the most eminent men and
women in poetry, painting, sculpture, music (inclusive both of
composition and performance), history, science, and philosophy, with
half-a-dozen names under each subject, the two lists would not bear
comparison. We may also infer, from the law of the deviation from
averages, so well illustrated by Mr. Galton, in his work on 'Hereditary
Genius,' that if men are capable of a decided pre-eminence over women in
many subjects, the average of mental power in man must be above that of woman."
-Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, p. 564.
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